Tag Archive for 'Market Research'

Sales Figures Do Not Tell the Future

Spotted on: CNET
Trent Reznor released sales numbers for the new Saul Williams release on his blog. The album “The Inevitable Rise and Liberation of NiggyTardust” was produced and released by the Nine Inch Nails mastermind with a forward thinking model: Download the album for free, or pay $5 for a higher quality MP3 version (a la Radiohead). According to the numbers released, approximately 18% of the downloads were sales.

This number is likely slightly lower than reality. There is no information to measure how many people downloaded the album for free then went back and bought it. CNET interviewed both Trent Reznor and Saul Williams, and their opinions are quite different.

The album has been out for two months, and the major campaign of videos and touring begins in the next few weeks. The album sold almost 30,000 downloads and gave away another 120,000 with almost no marketing campaign, and no publicist. Although the album hasn’t gone digitally platinum, this experiment is a positive sign. Williams’ music does not neatly fit into a pigeonhole. While the sales model is similar to Radiohead’s In Rainbows (which is no longer available as a free download), these two artists are not in the same position, and the IRLNT test will be a gauge of what mid level artist can expect from this model, at least for this year.
Having 20% of your listeners buy your album may not seem like a large amount, but it’s hard to measure who they are, how they know Saul Williams, and whether they were pre-existing fans or not. Consider that an album’s life span is long – upwards of two years, and over the next eight to ten months we will see how this model works when promotions are put into play.
Bottom Line: Whether or not this model of selling albums works is still unclear. As time passes, and more artists try this model, we will see whether audiences will pay for something they can get for free.

Speak Clearly (Jargon on a Tangent)

Spotted on: New York Times, Globe and Mail
As the end of the year statistics for the music industry are released, I keep noticing a common tone of these articles. They all seem to be written about the six major record labels, and iTunes. As an artist and independent label owner (ergo, part of the music industry), these articles seem counter-intuitive to the way my peers and I conduct ourselves.

“Yet the industry as a whole still remains uncertain” is my favorite quote from this article. What is uncertain about the industry? People continue to buy music they enjoy, and more of them are buying it online. This has made it easier for anyone with ambition to get into the game. The only unclear thing I see is the fate of these transnational conglomerates.

So the major labels finally accept we don’t want to pay more than ten bucks for CDs, and we don’t like DRM. Somehow, no matter how much money these huge companies make, they are continually complaining about what they are losing. If they focus on what’s missing and wrong with their model, it takes the attention off why their model used to work. The NYT article states that ‘some estimates’ put the annual economy of music at around $75 billion. So what does that number really mean?

The music economy is vast, and a huge chunk of it rests in the hands of a few companies. These are the same companies that built their empire by taking the creative ownership over music in an unclear way, or by inventing a myriad of operating fees and loans to assess to artists like student loans. It’s a similar story to how Europeans ‘bought’ Manhattan. You offer someone a gift, or a show of support, and you ask for something. Instead of explaining what you are going to take, you smile and get them to agree to it. Once they sign a piece of paper, you force them to agree to your interpretation of the words through litigation, or worse. In the latter case, it was genocide, in the former, it is the complete monopolization of the music that we listen to.

Musicians have been getting this treatment since the phonograph was invented. Look at the story of the Funk Brothers (for those who don’t know, they were the Motown backup band from 1959-1972). This group of musicians played on more hit albums than any band in music history, and no one even knows who they are (Motown is now owned by Universal, btw). Like so many other extraordinary musicians, fame and success was pushed out of their reach, as the music they created went on to make a fortune.

So where is all that money? If this NYT article is any indicator, the only ones talking are the major labels. Do you think they’re going to present an unbiased opinion? These major corporations are complaining about how much content we aren’t paying for, and how their sales are down, and the whole time they are becoming more valuable companies.
According to a recent Globe and Mail article, there have been about 20 songs sold for every iPod bought. In fact, iPod users are not buying massive amounts of music like people did when CD Players were first introduced. The main source of the article is Josh Bernoff, a well known media and entertainment analyst. In fact, Mr. Bentoff notes that there is a huge slump in music sales in the second half of 2006. People are converting their CDs for use on other platforms. It would seem that people (known as consumers by these corporate monoliths) only want to buy the same product once. And who can blame us?

Which brings us back to the major labels, and the NYT article. The article points out that major labels are now asking for a cut of artist’s tour and merchandise revenue. Apparently, this has become a standard practice in major label deals. So on one side of their face, the major labels are crying poverty, and saying they need to take more from their artists. Yet in the same article, there are admissions that the companies are growing in value. Can you say cognitive dissonance?

Freedom of choice in music is infectious, and the supply has truly outpaced the demand. The days of an album sitting at number one are gone, and this a great thing for those of us who do not have access to mainstream press and media outlets. People buy more CDs when they are reasonably priced, and artists are still selling albums at the ridiculous prices. The major labels cry that they have to protect their interests with DRM, when their customers mostly use more than one format for listening to music. Music is a form of expression that is meant to be shared, not kept to oneself. The technicalities of software licensing and piracy are not applicable to music, and DRM is another way of saying we’re not buying art, we’re buying a product. And worse, that a CD album is different thing that an MP3 album, or even a .wma album. People aren’t that easily fooled, though. Sales reflect it.

Clearly, lots of people are buying music, and most of it is going to the huge companies to dole out as they please. People don’t buy music because it’s on the radio, or plastered in magazines, they buy it because it moves them. Major labels use record spins and downloads as a measure of success, when they are paying for the spins and driving downloads with ubiquitousness rather than genuine interest. Their multi platinum artists bounce up and down their charts like a basketball, and they refuse to see that’s how we want it. They want to tell us what a CD is worth, and tell us how we can listen to our music. These business practices only work when you have a strangelhold. In most other industries, a company is required to respond to their customers needs to stay in business. When your business model is based on dictating people’s choices, it’s no wonder that freedom of choice is such a threat. The means of production continue to only grow, and our choices with them. The 21st century king of the hill is not the only choice, it is the one the customer enjoys the most.

Music doesn’t seem to speak for itself anymore in their eyes. These companies view artistic output in the same way they view the final result: as a product. Their industry trends are an academic discussion that has completely left the real world. They could have conducted an informal phone poll to come up with the conclusion that CDs are overpriced. Record shoppes are paying more than the iTunes price for an album in some cases. The real issue is what people are willing to pay for, and to deal with that, you must listen, not dictate.
2006 is coming to a close, and the very foundations of how music is distributed and sold began a major transformation this year. According to Josh Bernoff, we’ll all be going digital by 2010. The major labels are slicing up the pie already, but in the age of choice, they may end up with empty plates.

Frequently Awkward Questions for the Entertainment Industry

Music

  1. The RIAA has sued more than 20,000 music fans for file sharing, yet file sharing continues to rapidly increase both online and offline.? When will you stop suing music fans?
  2. The RIAA has sued over 20,000 music fans for file sharing, who have on average paid a $3,750 settlement.? That’s over $75,000,000.? Has any money collected from your lawsuits gone to pay actual artists? Where’s all that money going?
  3. The RIAA has sued over 20,000 music fans for file sharing.? Recently, an RIAA representative reportedly suggested that “students drop out of college or go to community college in order to be able to afford [P2P lawsuit] settlements.” Do you stand by this advice? Is this really good advice for our children’s futures?
  4. The RIAA said that it only went after individual file sharers because you couldn’t go after P2P system creators. After the Supreme Court’s Grokster decision, shouldn’t you stop going after music fans?
  5. Major entertainment companies have repeatedly brought lawsuits to block new technologies, including the VCR, Digital Audio Tape recorders, the first MP3 player, the ReplayTV PVR, and now P2P software. Why is your industry so hostile to new technologies?
  6. DRM has clearly failed to stop songs from getting on file sharing networks, but it does prevent me from moving lawfully purchased music onto my iPod and other portable devices.? Unlike the major record labels, many popular indie labels offer mp3 downloads through sites like eMusic.? Why won’t you let fans purchase mp3s as well?
  7. The RIAA says that it doesn’t mind if I rip CDs to my personal computer and put them on my iPod.? Do I need your permission to do this or can I legally do it even if you object?
  8. Recording off the radio is clearly permitted by copyright law and something Americans have done for over 25 years, but the RIAA supports legislation restricting devices that record from digital radio. Why are you against TiVo for radio?
  9. Sony BMG recently implemented a DRM technology that damaged users’ computers.? But for independent researchers’ analyses, this serious flaw may have gone undiscovered. After this scandal, will record labels allow any computer scientist or security expert to examine these products and agree not to sue them under the DMCA?

Video

  1. The major movie studios have been enjoying some of their most profitable years in history over the past five years. Can you cite to any specific studies that prove noncommercial file sharing among fans, as opposed to commercial DVD piracy, has hurt the studios’ bottom line in any significant way?
  2. Is it legal for me to bypass CSS DVD encryption in order to skip the “unskippable” previews at the beginning of so many DVDs? Why should I have to be forced to watch these ads when I already bought the DVD?
  3. Is it legal for me to skip the commercials when I play back time-shifted TV recordings on my TiVo or other PVR? How is this different than getting up and going to the bathroom?
  4. Why are there region-code restrictions on DVDs? How does this prevent copyright infringement? Is it illegal for me to buy or and use a region-free DVD player, or to modify a DVD player to be region-free?
  5. In several lawsuits, the MPAA has repeatedly said that it’s illegal to make a back-up of a DVD that I purchased.? Why is this illegal?
  6. Is it ever legal for me to use software like DVD Shrink or Handbrake to rip a digital copy of a DVD I own onto a video iPod or my laptop? What if I want clips to use for a class report? Or if a teacher wants to include a clip in a PowerPoint slide?
  7. Is there anything illegal about copying TV shows I’ve recorded off the air onto my video iPod?
  8. If the MPAA-backed “broadcast flag” bill passes, I won’t be able to move recorded TV content digitally to my current video iPod.? Why should TV studios get to take away my ability to lawfully time- and space-shift?
  9. Major entertainment companies have repeatedly brought lawsuits to block new technologies, including the VCR, Digital Audio Tape recorders, the first MP3 player, the ReplayTV PVR, and now P2P software. Why is your industry so hostile to new technologies?
  10. Hollywood is pushing legislation to “plug the analog hole.” These restrictions won’t keep copyrighted video off of file sharing networks, but they will block me from excerpting a recorded TV show for a school report or using tools like the Slingbox to send recorded TV shows to myself over the Internet.? Why are you trying to restrict these legitimae uses?

Questions posed by the Electronic Frontier Foundation. Reprinted with permission. Spotted on Boing Boing and Digg.

Jupiter Research says MySpace best place to promote music, but I disagree…

Jupiter Research, usually a pretty good source for third party anaylsis, has recently placed MySpace Music above other rivals in being successful at promoting music. However, the report was suspect, in my opinion, not only in the way it was conducted, but also by which sites they covered.

First, the rivals to Myspace Music, as defined by this Jupiter Research Report, were Yahoo Music, MTV.com, and AOL Music. This essentially limits the list to 5 sites… not exactly a deep core sample among the universe of music community sites. Perhaps they were asleep at the wheel, but to disregard last.fm, a site that has been in existence in one form or another for 5 or so years is ludicrous.

MySpace is junk. The site was poorly architected, and poorly coded, and uses an outdated development framework for ColdFusion. The design is atrocious, and I’m not talking about the customizations featured on individual profiles, either. With that said, MySpace, due to it’s size and supposed reach still can not be ignored. As far as promoting music goes, the study tracked promotional activity, across the five sites, on the Black Eyed Peas, whose recent sell-out come back was already generating plenty of buzz elsewhere before they exploited these community sites, which in my mind skews the results significantly. Think about it… the BEPs were being shoved down our throats long before they invaded community sites as “one of us”.

Sure you’ll have results if you’re a big label buying space on the front page of MySpace Music, but what about the independents? A quick pass through the pages of MySpace and you’ll soon realize that all of this “community activity” is primarily made up of disingenuous “Thanks for the Add” billboard size graphics posted by your “friends” in your comments, bulletins that go largely ignored, RSVPs to Events that are accepted but not attended… the list goes on. So where are all the powerful promotion opportunities on these sites?

If MySpace is your only website, then you’re already loosing half the promotional battle right there. From where I’m standing, one of the biggest values you can gain from MySpace is in back links. If you don’t have a site to link to, get one. No one is going to take you very seriously, anyway, if the only link you’ve got to give them is a MySpace address. If you do have a site, then make it the center of your web presence, and use MySpace as an auxiliary or what I like to call passive marketing site. MySpace is a huge site, with hundreds of thousands upon thousands (if not more) pages. All indexed by Google and the other search engines. This means that links from this site are weighted pretty heavily in their Search Algorithms, and you can take advantage of it by making sure you post your links throughout the site… on your profile, in your bulletins, and in your blog posts (you are using the blog on MySpace aren’t you?). This will ensure that your site will get better ranking (over time) in the search engines. You’ll also discover (if you haven’t already) that one of your biggest referrers is MySpace, if you have access to your site’s log files. Referrers, for those that don’t know, are the sites that your visitors were on before they clicked over to your site. Now for these to work you’ll need to ensure that anywhere you post your Site’s URL is clickable, but once these two forces (back links and referrals) start to go to work you should see your traffic steadily climb, and the percentage of traffic from MySpace increase.

With your site firmly re-centered as your web presence, you can now start treating MySpace as an auxiliary publishing platform for your marketing messages. Post tracks that you’re giving away on your site. Re-post news and events, and even better if they are enticing excerpts with links back to the main story on your site. Use the bulletins, and blog features to get the word out, but don’t expect a ton of traffic. Basically treat it as a copy+paste dumping ground for repurposing your other marketing. No one on MySpace is really reading it anyway, but at least it will be there for the small percentage of people that are following you on MySpace. Concentrate your efforts there to convert MySpace fans to tracking you on your web site, with your newsletters and other updates, and not relying on MySpace to do it for you. If you’ve got e-commerce capabilities, on your site or with some other service, then feature links to buy your album front-and-center on your MySpace profile. Give visitors to your profile the opportunity to buy from you, as it may be your only chance to get their attention and keep it long enough from them to support you at what you do.

There is no magic bullet when it comes to music marketing. You already know this. Community sites such as MySpace are great for passive marketing efforts, and creating nice back links to your main web site. You may be able to easily pump information into the system with out much effort, but so is everyone else. Once you recognize this fact, then your can set about to create a compelling message so that you can rise above the noise. However, for more serious community interaction, Last.fm, various message boards and mailing lists across the internet are the real community gold. Shame on Jupiter Research for not recognizing this fact.

originally published on dr.xnlb.com




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